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国务院联防联控机制：做细做实农村地区疫情防控工作******

　　【抗疫中，我们众志成城㊼】

　　光明日报北京1月11日电（记者陈晨）为确保农村地区疫情防控平稳转段，保障广大农民群众生命健康安全，近日，国务院应对新型冠状病毒感染疫情联防联控机制农村地区疫情防控工作专班印发《农村地区新型冠状病毒感染防控工作指南（乡村基层组织版）》（以下简称《指南》）。

　　《指南》强调，要组建防控服务队伍。在乡镇党委政府领导下，由村党组织书记负总责，村“两委”负责统筹组织建立村级防控队伍。发挥村民委员会等机制作用，通过网格化、信息化等手段，实行分组、分片（网格）联系。登记管理村民基本健康信息，重点做好有基础疾病的老年人、残疾人、孕产妇、孤寡老人和孤儿、事实无人抚养儿童、留守儿童等重点人群（以下简称“重点人群”）健康服务工作。承担摸底基本情况、组织走访巡查、协助送医送药、辅助转诊转运、落细关爱照料、做好宣传引导等防控任务。

　　《指南》明确，要落实村民、返乡人员、重点人群、感染人群的个人防护责任。引导村民主动配合接种疫苗，按要求组织有重症高风险人群尽早完成疫苗接种，科学佩戴口罩。引导返乡人员返乡初期和疫情严重时期尽量少聚集、少聚餐，不扎堆，减少与老年人尤其是患有基础疾病人群接触。村“两委”要掌握并上报本村重点人群健康信息。感染人群出现发热等症状时，及时进行抗原或核酸检测。无症状感染者和轻型病例患者落实居家自我照护，出现持续高热、呼吸困难等症状时及时去医院就诊。

　　《指南》要求，要做好重点场所、环节防控管理。疫情严重时，适当控制集市庙会、文艺演出、展销促销等聚集性活动的规模、频次和时长，倡导婚事、丧事从简。娱乐休闲、宗教活动等场所暂停营业或开放；农贸市场、银行网点等营业场所缩短营业时间；饭馆、农家乐等限制同餐人数或取消堂食。

　　《指南》明确，要做好协助重点人群转运、联系抗疫物资配备等工作。组织动员有私家车的村民成立转运保障志愿车队。村卫生室要配足必要的防疫物资用品，药品等可用量应保持在2周以上。物资紧缺时，优先发放给重点人群和困难人员。

　　《指南》指出，要落实农业生产活动防疫措施。统筹疫情防控和大田农业生产、畜禽养殖及疫病防治、农资产品流通。村“两委”根据农户需求组织开展代耕代种代养，协助组织做好投入品供应，将农业生产资料、粮食和重要农产品纳入疫情防控重点物资运输保障范围，确保农资顺利下乡，农产品顺利外运。

　　《光明日报》（ 2023年01月12日 04版）

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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.